drasticactions · Jul 14, 2026 · Jul 1, 2026
diff --git a/NImpeller.sln b/NImpeller.sln
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ EndProject
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Sandbox.Metal", "samples\Sandbox.Metal\Sandbox.Metal.csproj", "{554505AE-9958-4740-91B1-FA285716F5E5}"
 EndProject
 Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "NImpeller.Tests", "tests\NImpeller.Tests\NImpeller.Tests.csproj", "{5CDD2905-02B5-4A31-AA07-E45D45A1A5B8}"
+Project("{FAE04EC0-301F-11D3-BF4B-00C04F79EFBC}") = "Sandbox.GLFW", "samples\Sandbox.GLFW\Sandbox.GLFW.csproj", "{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}"
 EndProject
 Global
 	GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
@@ -140,6 +141,18 @@ Global
 		{5CDD2905-02B5-4A31-AA07-E45D45A1A5B8}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 		{5CDD2905-02B5-4A31-AA07-E45D45A1A5B8}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
 		{5CDD2905-02B5-4A31-AA07-E45D45A1A5B8}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|Any CPU.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|x86.ActiveCfg = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Debug|x86.Build.0 = Debug|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|Any CPU.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|Any CPU.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|x86.ActiveCfg = Release|Any CPU
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48}.Release|x86.Build.0 = Release|Any CPU
 	EndGlobalSection
 	GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
 		HideSolutionNode = FALSE
@@ -152,5 +165,6 @@ Global
 		{9E990EB5-B048-43E5-B788-1B388D59BF03} = {FE23EB06-C41F-4FE7-9CE2-2C05323A3366}
 		{0DD46D36-B034-476D-B416-649F7B5BD324} = {FE23EB06-C41F-4FE7-9CE2-2C05323A3366}
 		{554505AE-9958-4740-91B1-FA285716F5E5} = {FE23EB06-C41F-4FE7-9CE2-2C05323A3366}
+		{E83AA564-7987-44DE-95DD-D9F418141E48} = {FE23EB06-C41F-4FE7-9CE2-2C05323A3366}
 	EndGlobalSection
 EndGlobal
diff --git a/samples/Sandbox.GLFW/GlfwApplication.cs b/samples/Sandbox.GLFW/GlfwApplication.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions;
+using NImpeller;
+using Silk.NET.Core.Contexts;
+using Silk.NET.Core.Native;
+using Silk.NET.GLFW;
+using Silk.NET.OpenGL;
+
+namespace Sandbox;
+
+public unsafe class GlfwApplication(GlfwApplication.GraphicsApi apiType = GlfwApplication.GraphicsApi.OpenGL,ILogger<GlfwApplication>? logger = null) : IApplication
+{
+    public enum GraphicsApi
+    {
+        OpenGL,
+        Vulkan
+    }
+
+    public event EventHandler<StatusUpdatedEventArgs>? StatusUpdated;
+
+    private readonly ILogger<GlfwApplication> _logger = logger ?? NullLogger<GlfwApplication>.Instance;
+    private readonly Glfw _glfw = Glfw.GetApi();
+    private WindowHandle* _window;
+    private ImpellerContext _impellerContext = null!;
+    private ImpellerVulkanSwapchain _vulkanSwapchain = null!;
+    private ImpellerSurface? _surface;
+    private ImpellerISize _surfaceSize;
+    private IScene _scene = null!;
+    private readonly Stopwatch _fpsStopwatch = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+    private readonly Stopwatch _totalRunTime = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+    private int _frames;
+    private long _totalFrames;
+    private int _fbo;
+    private int _fps;
+
+    public ApplicationStatus GetStatus()
+    {
+        return new ApplicationStatus
+        {
+            CurrentFps = _fps,
+            TotalFrames = _totalFrames,
+            RunTime = _totalRunTime.Elapsed
+        };
+    }
+
+    public bool Initialize(int width, int height, string title = "NImpeller on GLFW")
+    {
+        if (!_glfw.Init())
+        {
+            _logger.LogError("GLFW initialization failed.");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (apiType == GraphicsApi.OpenGL)
+        {
+            _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintInt.ContextVersionMajor, 3);
+            _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintInt.ContextVersionMinor, 0);
+            _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintClientApi.ClientApi, ClientApi.OpenGLES);
+            if (RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.OSX))
+            {
+                _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintInt.ContextVersionMinor, 3);
+                _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintBool.OpenGLForwardCompat, true);
+                _glfw.WindowHint(WindowHintOpenGlProfile.OpenGlProfile, OpenGlProfile.Core);
+            }
+        }
+
+        _window = _glfw.CreateWindow(width, height, title, null, null);
+        if (_window == null)
+        {
+            _logger.LogError("Window creation failed.");
+            _glfw.Terminate();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        switch (apiType)
+        {
+            case GraphicsApi.OpenGL:
+            {
+                _logger.LogInformation("Creating OpenGL ES context...");
+                _glfw.MakeContextCurrent(_window);
+                _glfw.SwapInterval(0);
+                var gl = GL.GetApi(new LamdaNativeContext(s => _glfw.GetProcAddress(s)));
+
+                _impellerContext = ImpellerContext.CreateOpenGLESNew(name =>
+                {
+                    _logger.LogDebug("Loading OpenGL function: {FuncName}", name);
+                    return _glfw.GetProcAddress(name);
+                })!;
+
+                gl.GetInteger(GLEnum.FramebufferBinding, out var data);
+                _fbo = data;
+                break;
+            }
+            case GraphicsApi.Vulkan:
+            {
+                _logger.LogInformation("Creating Vulkan context...");
+                _impellerContext = ImpellerContext.CreateVulkanNew(
+                    (instance, procNamePtr) => _glfw.GetInstanceProcAddress(new VkHandle(instance), (byte*)procNamePtr),
+                    false)!;
+
+                VkNonDispatchableHandle surfaceHandle;
+                _glfw.CreateWindowSurface(
+                    new VkHandle(_impellerContext.GetVulkanInfo()!.Value.Vk_instance),
+                    _window,
+                    null,
+                    &surfaceHandle
+                );
+
+                _vulkanSwapchain = _impellerContext.VulkanSwapchainCreateNew(
+                    new IntPtr((long)surfaceHandle.Handle))!;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public void SetScene(IScene scene) => _scene = scene;
+
+    public void Run()
+    {
+        var running = true;
+
+        while (running)
+        {
+            _glfw.PollEvents();
+            if (_glfw.WindowShouldClose(_window))
+                running = false;
+
+            _glfw.GetWindowSize(_window, out var width, out var height);
+            var windowSize = new ImpellerISize(width, height);
+
+            if (apiType == GraphicsApi.OpenGL)
+            {
+                if (_surface == null || windowSize != _surfaceSize)
+                {
+                    _surface?.Dispose();
+                    _surface = _impellerContext.SurfaceCreateWrappedFBONew(
+                        (ulong)_fbo,
+                        ImpellerPixelFormat.kImpellerPixelFormatRGBA8888,
+                        windowSize)!;
+                    _surfaceSize = windowSize;
+                }
+            }
+
+            ImpellerDisplayList displayList;
+            using (var builder = ImpellerDisplayListBuilder.New(
+                       new ImpellerRect(100, 100, width, height))!)
+            {
+                if (_fpsStopwatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds >= 1.0)
+                {
+                    _fps = (int)(_frames / _fpsStopwatch.Elapsed.TotalSeconds);
+                    _frames = 0;
+                    _fpsStopwatch.Restart();
+
+                    _glfw.SetWindowTitle(_window, $"FPS: {_fps}");
+                    StatusUpdated?.Invoke(this, new StatusUpdatedEventArgs(GetStatus()));
+                }
+
+                _frames++;
+                _totalFrames++;
+
+                _scene.Render(_impellerContext, builder, new SceneParameters
+                {
+                    Width = width,
+                    Height = height
+                });
+
+                displayList = builder.CreateDisplayListNew()!;
+            }
+
+            using (displayList)
+            {
+                switch (apiType)
+                {
+                    case GraphicsApi.OpenGL:
+                        _surface?.DrawDisplayList(displayList);
+                        _glfw.SwapBuffers(_window);
+                        break;
+                    case GraphicsApi.Vulkan:
+                    {
+                        using (_surface = _vulkanSwapchain.AcquireNextSurfaceNew()!)
+                        {
+                            _surface.DrawDisplayList(displayList);
+                            _surface.Present();
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        Process.GetCurrentProcess().Kill();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/samples/Sandbox.GLFW/Sandbox.GLFW.csproj b/samples/Sandbox.GLFW/Sandbox.GLFW.csproj
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <Nullable>enable</Nullable>
+    <ImplicitUsings>enable</ImplicitUsings>
+    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <RootNamespace>Sandbox</RootNamespace>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.GLFW" Version="2.22.0"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan" Version="2.22.0"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.OpenGL" Version="2.22.0"/>
+    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR" Version="2.22.0" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Abstractions" Version="10.0.0" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Sandbox.Core\Sandbox.Core.csproj"/>
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>
diff --git a/samples/Sandbox/Program.cs b/samples/Sandbox/Program.cs
@@ -29,6 +29,12 @@ public enum GraphicsApi
         Vulkan,
         Metal
     }
+
+    public enum WindowBackend
+    {
+        SDL,
+        GLFW
+    }
 
     public class Options
     {
@@ -43,6 +49,9 @@ public class Options
 
         [Option('h', "height", Required = false, Default = 600, HelpText = "Window height")]
         public int Height { get; set; }
+
+        [Option('b', "backend", Required = false, Default = WindowBackend.SDL, HelpText = "Window backend (SDL, GLFW)")]
+        public WindowBackend Backend { get; set; }
     }
 
     static void Main(string[] args)
@@ -81,10 +90,23 @@ static void Main(string[] args)
                 .Color(Color.Blue));
 
         AnsiConsole.MarkupLine("[dim]A .NET binding for Flutter's Impeller graphics engine[/]\n");
+
+        var selectedBackend = AnsiConsole.Prompt(
+            new SelectionPrompt<string>()
+                .Title("[green]Select Window Backend:[/]")
+                .PageSize(10)
+                .AddChoices("SDL", "GLFW"));
+
+        var backend = selectedBackend switch
+        {
+            "SDL" => WindowBackend.SDL,
+            "GLFW" => WindowBackend.GLFW,
+            _ => WindowBackend.SDL
+        };
 
         // Select Graphics API
         var availableApis = RuntimeInformation.IsOSPlatform(OSPlatform.OSX) ? AllApis : NonMetalApis;
-
+        
         var selectedApi = AnsiConsole.Prompt(
             new SelectionPrompt<string>()
                 .Title("[green]Select Graphics API:[/]")
@@ -131,7 +153,8 @@ static void Main(string[] args)
             Api = api,
             Scene = selectedScene.Name,
             Width = width,
-            Height = height
+            Height = height,
+            Backend = backend
         };
     }
 
@@ -171,15 +194,39 @@ static void RunApplication(Options options)
             return;
         }
 
-        // For OpenGL and Vulkan, use SDL
-        var sdlApi = options.Api == GraphicsApi.OpenGL ? SdlApplication.GraphicsApi.OpenGL : SdlApplication.GraphicsApi.Vulkan;
-        var sdlLogger = _loggerFactory!.CreateLogger<SdlApplication>();
-        var sdlApp = new SdlApplication(sdlApi, sdlLogger);
-        if (sdlApp.Initialize(options.Width, options.Height))
+        IApplication app;
+        if (options.Backend == WindowBackend.GLFW)
         {
+            var glfwApi = options.Api == GraphicsApi.OpenGL 
+                ? GlfwApplication.GraphicsApi.OpenGL 
+                : GlfwApplication.GraphicsApi.Vulkan;
+            var glfwLogger = _loggerFactory!.CreateLogger<GlfwApplication>();
+            var glfwApp = new GlfwApplication(glfwApi,glfwLogger);
+            if (!glfwApp.Initialize(options.Width, options.Height))
+            {
+                logger.LogError("GLFW initialization failed.");
+                return;
+            }
+            glfwApp.SetScene(scene);
+            app = glfwApp;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            var sdlApi = options.Api == GraphicsApi.OpenGL 
+                ? SdlApplication.GraphicsApi.OpenGL 
+                : SdlApplication.GraphicsApi.Vulkan;
+            var sdlLogger = _loggerFactory!.CreateLogger<SdlApplication>();
+            var sdlApp = new SdlApplication(sdlApi, sdlLogger);
+            if (!sdlApp.Initialize(options.Width, options.Height))
+            {
+                logger.LogError("SDL initialization failed.");
+                return;
+            }
             sdlApp.SetScene(scene);
-            RunWithConsoleDisplay(sdlApp);
+            app = sdlApp;
         }
+
+        RunWithConsoleDisplay(app);
     }
 
     static void RunWithConsoleDisplay(IApplication app)

diff --git a/samples/Sandbox/Sandbox.csproj b/samples/Sandbox/Sandbox.csproj
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
       <ProjectReference Include="../Sandbox.Metal/Sandbox.Metal.csproj" />
       <ProjectReference Include="../Sandbox.SDL/Sandbox.SDL.csproj" />
       <ProjectReference Include="..\..\src\NImpeller\NImpeller.csproj" />
+      <ProjectReference Include="..\Sandbox.GLFW\Sandbox.GLFW.csproj" />
     </ItemGroup>
 
 </Project>