DOC: Cite the sources of thermodynamics, lightning, ML and surface observations

[syedhamidali]

Adds numbered References sections with Crossref-checked DOIs, equation and table pointers, and radarx-choice labels to the Lagrangian and diabatic Lagrangian analyses, the sounding, LMA, AWS, surface and profiler readers, lightning, tornado and biological-echo retrievals, the ML model registry, and the cold-pool and wind-profile modules.
Gilmore et al. (2004a) supplement was not consulted; the docstrings list which rates follow Lin et al. (1983).
Documents the DBSCAN N_min and 3 s limit of Fuchs et al. (2016) and the lightning-jump boundary and ddof conventions of Schultz et al.
Adds ci/check_references.py, an offline check that public functions of cited modules have a References section.
No code or numerical change.

Closes #178
Closes #180

[codacy-production]

Up to standards ✅

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 98.58%. Comparing base (fe9f331) to head (f829a6a).

Additional details and impacted files

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  Coverage   98.58%   98.58%           
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  Files          72       72           
  Lines       14367    14367           
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  Hits        14163    14163           
  Misses        204      204           

Flag	Coverage Δ
notebooktests	19.04% <94.73%> (ø)
unittests	97.65% <100.00%> (ø)

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